nginx多虚拟主机优先级location匹配规则及tryfiles的使用1.相同server_name多个虚拟主机优先级访问2.location匹配优先级3.try_files使用4.nginx的alias和root区别5.用什么方法传递用户的真实IP1.相同server_name多个虚拟主机优先级访问环境准备[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat server01.conf server { listen 80; server_name server01 es.chinasoft.com; location / { root /opt/app/code1; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 404 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; }}[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat server02.conf server { listen 80; server_name server02 es.chinasoft.com; location / { root /opt/app/code2; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 404 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; }}[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# diff server01.conf server02.conf 3c3< server_name server01 es.chinasoft.com;---> server_name server02 es.chinasoft.com;6c6< root /opt/app/code1;---> root /opt/app/code2;[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat /opt/app/code1/index.html server01
[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat /opt/app/code2/index.html server02
测试[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# curl http://es.chinasoft.com/index.htmlserver01
修改配置文件，重新加载nginx，再次测试发现访问server02了[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# mv server01.conf server03.conf[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# systemctl reload nginx[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# curl http://es.chinasoft.com/index.htmlserver02
2.location匹配优先级= 进行普通字符精确匹配，也就是完全匹配^~ 表示普通字符匹配，使用前缀匹配~ \~* 表示执行一个正则匹配()环境准备：nginx的配置[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat location_test.conf server { listen 80; server_name testserver01 es.chinasoft.com; root /opt/app; location = /code1/ { rewrite ^(.*)$ /code1/index.html break; } location ~ /code.* { rewrite ^(.*)$ /code3/index.html break; } location ^~ /code { rewrite ^(.*)$ /code2/index.html break; }}代码：[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# mkdir /opt/app/{code1,code2,code3}[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# echo "code1
" >> /opt/app/code1/index.html[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# echo "code2
" >> /opt/app/code2/index.html[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# echo "code3
" >> /opt/app/code3/index.html测试：[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# curl http://es.chinasoft.com/code1/server01
code1
注释掉code1部分#location = /code1/ { # rewrite ^(.*)$ /code1/index.html break; #}重新加载nginx，测试发现就匹配到了code2中[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# systemctl reload nginx[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# curl http://es.chinasoft.com/code1/server02
code2
3.nginx中try_files的使用环境准备：nginx的配置[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat tryfiles_test.conf server { listen 80; server_name testserver01 es.chinasoft.com; root /opt/app; location / { root /opt/app/code/cache; try_files $uri @java_page; } location @java_page { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9090; }}/opt/app/code/cache/目录下的html页面[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat /opt/app/code/cache/jack.htmlcachetomcat下的html页面[root@test8_hadoop_kaf conf.d]# cat /data/yunva/test_tomcat8.0.37_9090/webapps/ROOT/jack.html server 1 java page
测试：[root@test8_hadoop_kaf cache]# curl http://es.chinasoft.com/jack.htmlcache将/opt/app/code/cache目录下的html页面重命名，模拟页面不存在，可以看到再次访问就到了@java_page[root@test8_hadoop_kaf cache]# pwd/opt/app/code/cache[root@test8_hadoop_kaf cache]# mv jack.html jack.html.bak[root@test8_hadoop_kaf cache]# curl http://es.chinasoft.com/jack.html server 1 java page
4.nginx的alias和root区别Root会做拼接路径处理，alias就不拼接，而是直接访问alias目录下的文件